TUGAS READING B. INGGRIS

The origins of nest-building remain obscure, but current observation of nest-building

activities provide evidence of their evolution. Clues to this evolutionary process can be

found in the activities of play and in the behavior and movements of birds during mating,

Line   such as incessant pulling at strips of vegetation or scraping of the soil. During the early

(5)     days of the reproductive cycle, the birds seem only to play with the building materials. In

preparation for mating, they engage in activities that resemble nest-building, and continue

these activities throughout and even after the mating cycle. Effective attempts at construction

occur only after mating.

 Although nest-building is an instinctive ability, there is considerable adaptability in

(10)    both site selection and use of materials, especially with those species which build quite

elaborate constructions. Furthermore, some element of learning is often evident since

younger birds do not build as well as their practiced elders. Young ravens, for example,

first attempt to build with sticks of quite unsuitable size, while a jackdaw’s first nest

includes virtually any movable object. The novelist John Steinbeck recorded the contents

(15)    of a young osprey nest built in his garden, which included three shirts, a bath towel, and

one arrow.

 Birds also display remarkable behavior in collecting building materials. Crows have

been seen to tear off stout green twigs, and sparrowhawks will dive purposefully onto a

branch until it snaps and then hang upside down to break it off. Golden eagles, over

(20)   generations of work, construct enormous nests. One of these, examined after it had been

dislodged by high winds, weighed almost two tons and included foundation branches

almost two meters long. The carrying capacity of the eagles, however, is only relative to

their size and most birds are able to carry an extra load of just over twenty percent of their

body weight.

Question 1

The word "obscure" in line 1 is closest in meaning to

A	unclear
(B)	interesting
C	complex
D	imperfect

Question 2

According to the passage, which of the following activities is characteristic of the early part of the reproductive cycle of birds?

A	Building a nest
(B)	Selecting a mate
C	Playing with nest-building materials
D	Collecting nest-building materials

Question 3

The word "display" in line 17 is closest in meaning to

A	communicate
B	exhibit
C	initiate
(D)	imitate

Question 4

The novelist John Steinbeck is mentioned in line 14 because he

(A)	compared the size of osprey nests with the nests of other species
B	conducted a scientific study on the behavior of ospreys
C	described the materials ospreys can use to build their nests
D	was the first to describe where ospreys built their nests

Question 5

Which of the following birds are mentioned as those that build nests that include unusual objects?

A	Crows
(B)	Sparrowhawks
C	Ospreys
D	Ravens

Question 6

According to the passage, when gathering materials to build their nests, sparrowhawks do which of the following?

A	Use objects blowing in the wind
B	Collect more branches than necessary
(C)	Select only green twigs
D	Hang upside down

Question 7

The word "these" in line 20 refers to

A	golden eagles
B	generations
©	winds
D	nests

Question 8

The word "load" in line 23 is closest in meaning to

A	number
B	section
C	level
(D)	weight

Question 9

The author mentions twenty percent in line 23 to indicate that

A	birds can carry twenty percent of their own weight
B	eagles are twenty percent bigger than most birds
C	the nests of eagles are twenty percent of larger than those of other birds
(D)	twenty percent of all nests include foundation branches

10. how many paragraph who contained in readings above?

A. 4

B. 5

(C). 3

D. 7